Friday, March 27, 2020

Finding Comfort in the Poems of Mary Oliver

 For my brother Loren (1947-2010)


It's the time of the Coronavirus pandemic and America is under seige.  Millions of us are isolating, taking extreme measures to avoid getting or giving the virus to others, to slow down the spread, flatten the curve.  It's how it must have been when our parents and grandparents suffered through the Great Depression and World War II.  It's scary. Life seems precarious. A dangerous world calls on us to dig deep, to call on inner resources. I take joy from little things, like my 8-year-old grandson Chase and high school senior Kyle, who live directly across the street, holding up "I MISS YOU" signs and neat drawings that I can see from my front porch. Their nurse mom, my daughter Michelle, on the frontlines of this virus, is keeping them busy. My daughter Elissa, a graphic designer working from home, is making sure her grandson Philip, my 12-year-old great-grandson, is occupied. I'm taking time to go through stacks of unread magazines and books that have piled up over the months. I'm writing. I turn for comfort to the poetry of Mary Oliver, whom I discovered while serving with the Peace Corps in Ukraine, a gift from my cousins Leo and Kathy upon the death of my brother Loren. Beautifully, painfully appropriate. 
My grandchildren, bless their hearts, do not think it's a good idea for us elderly grandparents to sacrifice ourselves to save the economy, which is taking a catastrophic hit.  Business has stopped, the stock market's going crazy. The alarmingly inept corrupt politicians running the country into the ground, who ignored intel about the novel coronavirus for months before being forced to deal with it, are making a bad situation worse. Who believes a liar incapable of compassion? But then, shocking as it is, they really don't give a damn about the public's health either, only about the stock market.  My grandkids see right through them.

Okay. Enough of that. Time to check into Mary Oliver. Time to find comfort in her life and words. I had forgotten that she was born in Ohio, in a small town outside of Cleveland, and that's where she first discovered the transcendent beauty and closeness of the natural world. I understand it, living in Ohio now, being with my family, loving the state's natural beauty, its indigenous plants and wildflowers loved by the honeybees.
"It was pastoral...it was an extended family. I don't know why I felt such an affinity with the natural world except that it was available to me...It was right there. And for whatever reasons, I felt those first important connections, those first experiences being made with the natural world rather than with the social world."
Those experiences, those connections with nature, stayed with Oliver forever. She started writing poetry when she was 14 years old, and she never stopped. 
In her twenties, she moved to New England, and then to Provincetown, where she lived with her lifelong partner Molly Malone Cook, a photographer and her literary agent.  It's here Oliver blossomed into our 21st-century Thoreau. Our Emerson and Walt Whitman. Our Edna St Vincent Millay and yes, our Rumi.  It is here she immersed herself in nature and delved into her life's work: "To pay attention, be in awe, and tell about it."   
A prolific writer, with over 20 volumes of poetry and writings to her name, she won a Pulitzer, a National Book award, and many other awards and accolades. Her accessible and nature-based poetry spoke to the hearts of readers and made her one of the most popular poets of her time. Not all critics were enamoured, but Molly loved her for it, and so did we, her readers. It was who she was.


Oliver wrote several poems about death after Molly died at 80 years of age in 2005. I read most of them after my beloved brother died.  I read them for solace, and because for Loren, as for Oliver, being in nature was inseparable from living a full life. 


Loren hiking.
Loren died suddenly of a heart attack on a hike along the Aucilla River in northern Florida with the Florida Trails Association. I was serving with the Peace Corps in eastern Ukraine when the word came. I was devastated. His last hike. He had just finished his autobiography, An Asberger Journey. It came out a few months after he died, a "memorial" edition. His life, his struggles and achievements, his activism and passions, inspired lots of people, none more so than me, his older sister, and Andy our middle sister. 

It's been 10 years, and I still miss him. I will always miss him. In a  poem Oliver wrote after Molly's death and read at her funeral, "The Soul at Last," she refers to death as "the Lord's terrifying kindness," which took me some time of grieving to understand.  
"The Lord's terrifying kindness has come to me. It was only a small silvery thing--say a piece of silver cloth, or a thousand spider webs woven together,or a small handful of aspen leaves, with their silver backs shimmering. And it came leaping out of the closed coffin; it flew into the air, it danced snappingly around the church rafters, it vanished through the ceiling. I spoke there, briefly, of the loved one gone. I gazed at the people in the pews, some of them weeping. I knew I must, someday, write this down."
Death. A "small silvery thing...a thousand spider webs...a handful of aspen leaves," leaping out of a coffin. Molly's soul. Loren's soul. 

Oliver makes the natural world come alive in words, human, accessible, in that anthropomorphic way that gives life to the trees, the birds, the wild geese, the wild grasses.   How I would have loved to join her on those long walks through the woods, on the dunes, along the seashore. To share her joy. 

Oliver died in her Florida home in January 2019. She was ready. We could tell by her poetry.  When death comes. White Flowers. 
"Never in my life
had I felt so near
that porous line
where my own body was done with
and the roots and the stems and the flowers
began."

LiliesShe had led a full and fulfilling life. She grasped what transcendentalist Margarat Fuller called "the fulness of being" in nature. She went into the woods, and she paid attention. She went into death the same way. Into the light, to discover, to be in awe.  I imagine her hearing the eagles in chorus, the wild geese in flight, the goldenrod whispering goodbye. I imagine her hearing "the sound of the roses singing." I imagine her embracing it. 
White Flowers
Last night
in the fields
I lay down in the darkness
to think about death,
but instead I fell asleep,
as if in a vast and sloping room
filled with those white flowers
that open all summer,
sticky and untidy,
in the warm fields.
When I woke
the morning light was just slipping
in front of the stars,
and I was covered
with blossoms.
I don't know
how it happened—
I don't know
if my body went diving down
under the sugary vines
in some sleep-sharpened affinity
with the depths, or whether
that green energy
rose like a wave
and curled over me, claiming me
in its husky arms.
I pushed them away, but I didn't rise.
Never in my life had I felt so plush,
or so slippery,
or so resplendently empty.
Never in my life
had I felt so near
that porous line
where my own body was done with
and the roots and the stems and the flowers
began.



* https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/11/27/what-mary-olivers-critics-dont-understand

How Would You Live Then?
What if a hundred rose-breasted grosbeaks
flew in circles around your head? What if
the mockingbird came into the house with you and
became your advisor? What if
the bees filled your walls with honey and all
you needed to do was ask them and they would fill
the bowl? What if the brook slid downhill just
past your bedroom window so you could listen
to its slow prayers as you fell asleep? What if
the stars began to shout their names, or to run
this way and that way above the clouds? What if
you painted a picture of a tree, and the leaves
began to rustle, and a bird cheerfully sang
from its painted branches? What if you suddenly saw
that the silver of water was brighter than the silver
of money? What if you finally saw
that the sunflowers, turning toward the sun all day
and every day – who knows how, but they do it – were
more precious, more meaningful than gold?

Mary Oliver ‘Blue Iris: Poems and Essays’ Penguin Random House, 2006

* Obituary, Patch, Miami, FL,Jan. 2019, by Paul Scicchitano:  "Like her hero Walt Whitman, whom she would call the brother she never had, Oliver didn't only observe mushrooms growing in a rainstorm or an owl calling from a black branch; she longed to know and become one with what she saw. She might be awed by the singing of goldfinches or, as in the poem "White Flowers," overcome by a long nap in a field."
___
"Never in my life
had I felt myself so near
that porous line
where my own body was done with
and the roots and the stems and the flowers
began . . . "

*  https://www.npr.org/2019/01/17/577380646/beloved-poet-mary-oliver-who-believed-poetry-mustn-t-be-fancy-dies-at-83































Sunday, March 22, 2020

Going to Immokalee

"The RPCV Global Village: When service abroad comes Home"
Our RPCV Global Village crew was brought together by volunteer extraordinaire Greg Plimpton to help a farmwokers community in Immokalee, FL. Greg is at far left, the whole crew in the middle. These awesome volunteers made my 80th birthday special, lower left with cake & a t-shirt signed by the crew that I will cherish forever. Photos by Linda Smittle.


Janice in garden
I turned 80 in Immokalee, Florida, with a RPCV (Returned Peace Corps Volunteer) Global Village project brilliantly organized and managed by the indefatiquable Greg Plimpton, Peace Corps volunteer extraodinaire. The Global Village brings the technical skills, experience, and worldview that PCVs gained during their service overseas to aid the underserved immigrant and farmworker populations of the Southwest Florida agricultural area.

But it wasn't just another birthday. It was a celebration of reunion and community.  It was a celebration of what happens when you bring together former Peace Corps workers who served in countries around the world and put them to work here at home.

Kathryn planting at Mision Peniel
K planted a whole new garden
by himself!


J shucking corn, i think it was
K & Linda seeding
We were a group of six RPCVs from around the US. Our crew consisted of  Janice (J) and Ken (K) Tefft, a super husband and wife team from Vermont, who served in Ghana and Thailand. Linda Smittle from Kansas who also served in Ghana and Thailand. Kathryn O'Leary from Denver, who served in Belize. Janice Flahiff (Liberia) and me (Ukraine) from Toledo, Ohio.  Kathleen Birch from Beach Haven, New Jersey, was also on our team. She along with Greg drove us back and forth to Immokalee from Fort Myers every day, an hour drive each way. Kathleen worked right alongside us. Greg, who served many tours of duty in Peru, Mexico, Panama and other places, made sure we were housed, fed, placed, and entertained, and that we had our Global Village shirts and name tags. He has wonderful plans for the future of  RPCV Global Village.

We were the 10th group in this first year of operation, and we were also the oldest (ages 65-80, with me bringing up the average). The oldest group but not the slowest and surely not slackers.

Linda and Lupita, one of our superisors along with Rick,
planting. We learned\ a lot about farming & gardening. 
We worked like energizer bunnies at Mision Peniel, under guidance from Rick and Lupita, to seed, weed, plant and harvest their bountiful  gardens. I learned a lot about real gardening from Master Gardners. On Friday, our last day, we joined other volunteers from Vanderbilt Presbyterian Church to prepare clothes (tons of them) and other items to give to community members.  Volunteers, inluding students from Immokalee Soccer School and Academy, great kids,  joined together to serve over 450 people, happy to meet, greet and share. Everyone received fresh produce and a full bag of groceries, as well as clothing and something special to share with the kids.  As a wise volunteer put it:  "If you ever wonder what God's face (Peniel) looks like, come and see on Friday afternoons!" 

It truly felt like we were working under the Eye of God, the meaning of Mision Peniel.

In addition to our extensive garden work at Mision Peniel, we worked in the gardens at the University of Florida Mother and Child Clinic, which serves hundreds of immigrants and newcomers who have many stories to tell of hardship and hope. We cleaned up, weeded, pruned, and raked one garden, and planted veggies in another. Previously Greg and volunteers had planted slash pines around the perimeter and they are growing nicely.
Linda and Kathleen on ladders. Kathryn spackling. Ken with a trash bag, and
hardworking Janice taking a much-needed break.
We also joined long-serving volunteers from the Collier County Habitat for Humanty, one of the oldest and largest affiliates. They are building a 61-home community that is awesome to behold. Student volunteers joined here as well, and were fun to talk with. A few brave souls from our RPCV crew climbed ladders to hammer and spackle. The rest of us kept our feet on the ground and filled dozens of large black plastic bags with trash, debris, and all the other stuff that litters any large construction site. Back and forth to the dumpsters we went with our bags filled to the brim.

It was a joy to work together, this team of  active oldtimers. And it was a joy just to be together.

Here are some of the things we enjoyed together.  2nd row far right, Linda's Thai string bracelet. 


















We watched beautiful sunsets and moon rises. We ate together in Greg's camper, a few times at local restaurants, at a park near our work site with our homemade lunches. We visited a Ranger station under Live Oaks dripping with Spanish Moss. We walked the trails of an Auduban park and the Six-Mile Cyprus Slough ( pronounced slew). We visited the Roberts Cattle Museum, which houses a great exhibit of Florida cowboy days, a winner for its sensitivity to the diverse peoples of the time and the great storyboards that accompanied the art and artifacts. We strolled along the shore of Fort Myers' Ralph Bunche Beach at sunset (which also has a story to tell), and collected shells along the beach of Sanibel Island.
Ken's gourmet pasta primavera.
Greg made sure we had a good breakfast. 
We shared meals, conversations, memories, games, walks, special times. We talked about our PC experiences.  On Friday March 13, Ken, with J's expert assistance, made us a delicious authentic pasta primavera, and afterwards, among a bustle of activity and whispers, brought forth a brightly lit cake! No it didn't have 80 candles on it. It glowed from the love and sharing that went into this memorable meal. This incomparable RPCV team also gave me an extraordinary creative t-shirt that Linda had found at Goodwill and that she prettied up and everyone signed, heralding this volunteer's 80 years of making history! It brought tears to my eyes. I wore that shirt for the next few days and didn't want to take it off, a forever gift from kindred spirits who already give so much to others.

As we snuggled into our bunks for one last night, Kathryn gave each of us a card with sayings for life and dreams, and Linda came around to each of us and gave us a Thai blessing to take home. She gently wrapped a string bracelet around out wrists and wished us well, and gave us the opportunity to bless her in return.


From Greg: "Thank you ALL for being the best group of volunteers EVER !! You bonded and worked together like a family."  That was us! But we want to thank Greg as well, for making this dream of an RPCV Global Village a reality. 

Notes:
Kathryn doing some heavy-
duty trail cleaning.
1.  From Wikipedia: "Immokalee is an unincorporated town in Collier County, FL, just north of Naples. It is a community of about 24 square miles with a population of about 25,000. It is 70% Hispanic, 18% African American, about 3% white, the rest a mixture of Native American, South Asian and Pacific Islanders.  The medium income for a household is about $24, 315 and for a family $22,628. About 34.6% of families were below the poverty line, including 26.9% of those over the age of 65. /Being unincorporated, the village has no local government of its own and is governed by Collier County, as are the public schools. /Originally the region was occupied by the Calusa Indians and centuries later by the Seminole, after they moved down from the northern part of Florida. Initially the settlement was known as Gopher Ridge by the Seminole and Miccosukee Indians. Immokalee means "your home" in the Mikasuki language./When the swamps were drained in the region, agriculture became the dominant industry. European American hunters, trappers, Indian traders, cowmen, and missionaires moved in before the development of permanent villages.  The first permanent settlemet was founded in 1872.  In 1921, the Atlantic Coast Railroad extended its Haines City Branch south to Immojalee. The railroad was removed in the late 1980s./ The Immokalee area today remains heavily agricultural.  It is one of the major centers of tomato growing in the US.  In 1960 CBS news anchor Edward R. Murrow reported on the working conditions in the surrounding farms for his "Harvest of Shame" report for CBS Reports, which described the harsh lives of  migrant workers."
Kathryn and Kathleen clearing trails at Pepper Farm.



2. Harvest of Shame: CBS News, The day after Thanksgiving in 1960, CBS REPORTS presented what would become one of the most important documentaries of all time, about the plight of the men and women who had provided the holiday feast. They were America's migrant farm workers. It was intended, the producer said, "To shock the consciousness of the nation." And it did. "They are the migrants, workers in the sweat shops of the soil - the harvest of shame," CBS News correspondent Edward R. Murrow said. He called them "the  forgotten people; the under-educated; the under-fed." With raw and striking images, Murrow's documentary exposed the poverty and deplorable working conditions endured by America's 2 to 3 million migrant farm workers. Men, women and children who harvested crops for the best-fed nation on earth earned barely enough to feed themselves. Today, mirant work is still backbreaking. Over the years, the faces in the fields have changed from poor whites and poor blacks to poor Hispanics, but pay remains low and benefits are few to nonexistent. 



"Immokalee (pronounced Im-MOCK-a-lee) is ground zero for Florida’s commercial tomato crop. Broad, flat fields line the main road into town from the Gulf Coast, and on certain stretches, high chain-link fences prevent panthers from crossing the asphalt that cuts across their swampy Western Everglades habitat. Loaded tractor-trailers rumble out of packinghouses. A pinhooker market in an open lot sells produce too ripe for long-distance shipping. A party store advertises piñatas, and bottles of Mexican Coca-Cola fill the cold drink case at Mr. Taco. Waitresses in bustiers and fishnet stockings circle gamblers hunched over slots at the Seminole casino. Street roosters wage turf wars in grassy ditches. Blue tarps still patch damaged roofs long after Hurricane Irma pummeled Florida last year. In an improvised courtyard between ramshackle mobile homes with boarded-up windows, little girls build sand castles in the dirt pretending it’s the beach. . . ."

Saturday, February 22, 2020

More Women Artists for Art Museums' Permanent Collections


Hanna Hirsch-Pauli, Sweden, 1864-1940, "Breakfast." 


I want to savour the art of women and so I'm cutting and pasting some of the great art posted by Christa Zaat's Female Artists in History, Rita H.Sjoholm's Celebration of Female Artists, and other wonderful online sites. 

  Women artists have long been in the shadows of men, their work shunned, negatively critiqued and belittled, prevented from wide public view.  At one time women were not allowed to study anatomy.  Nonetheless, women artists persisted, since time immemorial. The process of unearthing and showcasing their work, begun in earnest in the 1970s, continues to this day, with fabulous results. Their work is every bit as fine and accomplished as any of their contemporary male artists. Women artists are being studied, their biographies written, their work publicized. Galleries are showing and selling their work, and Auction houses are finding them to be among their best sellers. It's a sea change. Art museums are starting, slowly but surely, to add women artists from all eras and places, in all mediums, to their permanent collections.  

It's about time. 

Plautilla Nelli, The  Last Supper, c.1568. I love this.
It's like the sound of one hand clapping. If you don't hear it, does it exist?  And the art of Plautilla Nelli in the 16th century? If you don't see it, does it exist?  Uncovering, recovering and discovering women's art is critical, and enriches the human esperience. That's why I was happy to learn about another project that does just that. It's called AWARE.  https://www.artfixdaily.com/news_feed/2020/02/23/8993-aware-archives-of-women-artists-research-and-exhibitions-to-debut?   "AWARE: Archives of Women Artists, Research and Exhibitions, a Paris-based nonprofit with a mission to reposition women artists in the canon of 20th century art history. It will make its US debut in partnership with The Armory Show next month in New York. The partnership will culminate in the award of a juried prize, The AWARE Prize at The Armory Show to a solo presentation of work by a woman artist." (The Armory Show is open to the public from March 5-8, 2020, at Piers 90 and 94, New York City).
How I wish I could make it to NYC, but it's too close to my Peace Corps project in Immokolee. But I will send this link to my museum, the Toledo Museum of Art. Meanwhile, below are a few more women artists whose oeuvre the museums, including TMA, might consider purchasing.


Hannah Hirsch-Pauli, Morning, in a similar style to
"Breakfast" above
Hannah Hirsch-Pauli, Sweden. #hannapaulihirsch #frukostdags
Art History has been written by men for centuries. Until the beginning of the 20th century, women hardly appeared at famous exhibitions with their paintings. The Swedish Hannah Pauli (her name is spelled in different ways) is one of the exceptions: her painting "Breakfast" was presented at the Paris World exhibition in 1889, and at the 1894 world exhibition in Chicago.She went to Paris after the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts. Impressionists inspired her use of colorful lights and shadows. Her contemporary Swedish artists dismissed her art as "too dramatic;" they were shocked by the vivid brush work, the colorful shadow spots taken without a crossing. Some joked that the  painter might have used the breakfast table earlier to clean her brush. However, time confirmed the artist's talent, and this creation became one of the most popular paintings in the Swedish National Museum.




Elaine de Kooning was a prolific and versatile painter, writer and teacher.  Though she was closely associated with the  New York School and Abstract Expressionism, de Kooning eschewed developing a singular style and instead painted in a range of modes from realism to abstraction. “Style is something I’ve always tried to avoid. I’m more interested in character,” she said. The subjects in her work also varied, including mythology, landscapes and portraiture. One of her later bodies of work was inspired by the cave paintings in Lascaux. She studied widely with different artists including Milton Resnick and Willem de Kooning, whom she married in 1943. Wikipedia.



Barbara Regina Dietzsch, German, Gooseberry bough with butterfly, dragonfly, 1706-1783 . Born in September 1706 in the so-called Free Imperial City of Nuremberg, she came from a family of artists. Her father Johann Israel, brother Johann Christoph, and sister Margareta were artists employed by the City courts. An interesting tidbit. Dietzsch taught Margareta how to paint. Dietzsch married painter Nikolaus Matthes and moved to Hamburg. She eventually returned to Nuremberg, where she died in May 1783. Dietzsch specialized in watercolor and gouache paintings of animals and plants which she also turned into engravings. Her works sold in Germany, England, Holland, and France. She is being rediscovered. Wikipedia


Teresa Rowzskowska, Alley in Naples


Teresa Rowzskowska, born 1904 in Poland, lived through the tumultuous war years, working with the artistic underground. She was a painter, theatre stage designer & filmmaker. She devoted her final years to painting. She was murdered in her home in 1992, a sad end to a difficult life. This painting, Alley in Naples, Italy, represents a peaceful time in her life. WikiPoland








Helen Kiner McCarthy, Autumn Glow
Helen Kiner McCarthy, Poppies 
















Helen Kiner McCarthy, American, 1884-1927. McCarthy was born in small town Ohio and was a founder of the Philadephia 10, a group of women artists who worked and showed together. Its first exhibit was at the Art Club of Philadelphia in 1917. She began her studies at the Philadelphia School of Design in 1904, studying under Elliott Dangerfield and Henry B. Snell.  After graduation she shared a Philadelphia studio with  Mary-Russell Ferrell Colton for several years and then Edith Lucile Howard.  From 1910 through 1926 McCarthy exhibited widely, which makes me wonder why we don't see more of her art in museums. She was a member of several art groups that focused on promoting women's art, including the Plastic Club and the National Association of Women Artists and its predecessor the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors. She was also a member of the International Society of Arts and Letters and the New York Society of Painters. Wikipedia


Anita Clara Ree, 1885, was a painter of the German Avant-garde during the Weimar Republic. 
Anita Clara Ree was born into an old Jewish family of Hamburg merchants. She was the daughter of Israel Rée and Clara Hahn.  According to Wikipedia article, Anita and her sister Emilie were baptized and raised as Lutherans, in accordance with the social norms of assimilated upper middle class and upper class Jewish families in Germany at the time. I never knew this and need to check it out. In 1905, she studied with the Hamburg painter Arthur Siebelist. In 1906, she met Max Liebermann, who recognized her talent and encouraged her to continue her artistic career. During the winter of 1912–1913, she studied with Fernand Léger in Paris. From around 1914, Anita Rée gained recognition as a portrait painter. She took her own life in 1933, partly as a result of having been subjected to hostility from various groups and harassment by antisemitic forces, partly due to disappointments on the personal level. In a note to her sister, she decried the insanity of the world. In 1937, the Nazis designated Rée's work as "degenerate art" and began purging it, as well as the work of many other artists, from museum collections. Wilhelm Werner, a groundskeeper at the Kunsthalle Hamburg preserved several of Rée's paintings by hiding them in his apartment.  Anita Clara Ree, Female Artists in History, and Wikipedia

Bertha Boynton Lum, American, 1869-1954.
Bertha Boynton Lum, "Wind and Water." Lum studied woodblock printmaking in Japan  and China and popularized it in America. Her prints are lovely. Lots of information online. 
Mary-Russell Ferrell COlton, Arizona, 1889-1971
 Colton, Hopi dwelling. 
Mary-Russell Ferrell Colton, Indian girl















A founder of the Museum of Northern Arizona.
This is a biography. Glad to know about this.

I've been discovering more about the Philadelphia 10 women artists group that Helen Kiner McCarthy was a member of. Another Philadephia 10 artist was Mary-Russell Colton, 1889-1971, born in Louisville, KY, moved to Arizona, and became a true Arizona artist who reminds me of Georgia O'Keefe. She should be recognized right up there with her. Colton was a founder of the Museum of Northern Arizona, as well as an advocate of Native American rights. She devoted her life to promoting their art and culture. I love these Southwest scenes.
Mary -Russell Ferrell Colton
https://www.artfixdaily.com/news_feed/2020/02/23/8993-aware-archives-of-women-artists-research-and-exhibitions-to-debut?

https://news.artnet.com/exhibitions/kunsthalle-schirn-surrealist-women-1779669?fbclid=IwAR3r8QNvUTFccOz6nqI7JBT_oOpex6bnQB78H0SUY3Un4AuD4Urm2twX00g
"Female artists’ contributions to the Surrealist movement may be well known, but only a handful have received the recognition they deserve. A scholarly new exhibition in Frankfurt has brought together works by 34 important artists, several of whom have been long overlooked and excluded from the male-dominated art historical canon.
The quantity and diversity of their work shows how a female perspective was central to Surrealism from its birth in the aftermath of World War I. Included in “Fantastic Women. Surreal Worlds from Meret Oppenheim to Frida Kahlo” at the Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt in Germany are a staggering 260 paintings, works on paper, sculptures, photographs, and films, some rarely seen before.
On show are works by lesser known artists, such as the Toyen, Bridget Tichnor, Alice Rahon, Kay Sage, and Ithell Colquhoun, alongside their more famous contemporaries, Frida Kahlo, Meret Oppenheim, Lee Miller, Claude Cahun, Leonora Carrington, Dora Maar, and Dorothea Tanning. Highlights include a screening of pioneer French filmmaker Germaine Dulac’s The Seashell and the Clergyman. Made in 1927, it is considered to be the first Surrealist work in the history of film.
“To this day, the names and works of the huge number of important women artists throughout the world are missing in many reference guides and survey exhibitions on Surrealism,” writes the exhibition’s curator, Ingrid Pfeiffer, in the publication that accompanies the show. “The reasons for this are many, including the endless repetition of an outdated canon in spite of recent research—a problem which pertains to art history in general.”
Many of the artists are connected through their association with Surrealist co-founder André Breton, or through their participation or contributions to key group exhibitions, and publications. The exhibition also explores the network of friendships of these female pioneers that stretched from Europe, to the US, and Mexico."






Don't get out the popcorn yet: The Wheels of Justice Grind Slowly

"Delay, Delay, Delay: From pre-trial motions to negotiations over security, the master of legal stalling has many tactics in his arsena...